Kampala, Uganda – January 1, 2025: The Government of Uganda through the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) has published the Final Report of the National Population and Housing Census 2024 – Volume 1 in line with the implementation plan.
The document is the final report of the National Population and Housing Census 2024 in Uganda, presenting comprehensive data on the country’s population, housing, and socio-economic indicators.
It reveals a nation grappling with rapid population growth and youth unemployment while making strides in areas like water access and literacy.
The census, Uganda’s first digital effort, paints a vivid picture of opportunities and challenges.
Population Growth and Demographics
Uganda’s population has surged to 45.9 million, with an annual growth rate of 2.9%. Half of the population is under 18, highlighting a youth-dominated demographic.
According to analysts, this is both an opportunity and a challenge. While a young population offers potential for economic growth, it also demands massive investments in education and employment.
Youth Struggles with Employment
The census underscores significant issues in youth employment, with 42.6% of youths aged 15-24 not in employment, education, or training (NEET). Unemployment among the working-age population (15+) stands at 12.3%.
Experts warn that youth unemployment could fuel social unrest yet addressing this gap requires targeted skills training and investments in industries that can absorb the youth bulge.
Education and Literacy: Room for Improvement
While Uganda boasts a literacy rate of 74% among individuals aged 10 and above, access to secondary education remains a concern. Of 25.1 million school-age individuals, only 4.6 million are in secondary school.
This shows a critical gap is critical and the need to bridge the transition from primary to secondary education to equip the youth with the necessary skills.
Water and Electricity Access Grow
The report shows progress in basic services, with 81.1% of households accessing improved water sources and 53.4% having electricity, split between grid and solar. However, only 3% use clean fuels for cooking.
While electricity access is commendable, the reliance on wood for cooking highlights a need for affordable clean energy solutions.
Health Concerns: Maternal Mortality and Mental Health
Despite advances, Uganda faces a maternal mortality rate of 207 per 100,000 live births and widespread psychological distress affecting 12% of the population aged 10 and above. Mental health should be a national priority alongside maternal care to improve overall well-being, according to health experts.
Way Forward
The findings serve as a critical tool for policymakers. Data-driven planning is essential to achieving Vision 2040 and meeting the Sustainable Development Goals.
The 2024 census reaffirms Uganda’s potential and challenges, reminding stakeholders of the urgent need for holistic development strategies.
